Sammlung von Ubuntu Befehlen
Contents
gimicks für Ubuntu
to see right away that you are root atm; add following line to root .bashrc export PS1='\[\e[31m\]\u@\h:\w\[\e[0m\]\$'.
Software unter Ubuntu
- thunderbird
- Pakete: thunderbird, thunderbird-locale-de
Add-ons: http://sogo.nu/download.html#/frontends
- lightning (since last few versions, it is included in thunderbird)
- SOGo Connector
- SOGo Integrator
- Chrome
- create chrome.list in folder /etc/apt/source.list.d with
deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main
get key wget https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
add key via sudo apt-key add linux_signing_key.pub
sudo apt update
sudo apt install google-chrome-stable
- create chrome.list in folder /etc/apt/source.list.d with
- Tomboy
- qpdf - command line tool to encrypt pdf files
qpdf --password="geheim" --decrypt mitpasswort.pdf ohnepasswort.pdf
- Manipulating pdfs:
- pdfunite
pdfunite sample1.pdf sample2.pdf sample.pdf
- pdfseparate
pdfseparate -f 1 -l 2 input.pdf output_%d.pdf pdfseparate sample.pdf sample-%d.pdf creates for each page a new pdf.
- pdfunite
- keepass2
- Plugin-path unter Ubuntu 17.04+: /usr/lib/keepass2/Plugins
texlive-full; als Editor TeXstudio oder vim
- apt-get indicator-multiload
- Seafile
Jetbrains Toolbox; https://www.jetbrains.com/toolbox/app/
- gimp
- skype
- git
docker; https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/
- virtualbox
add ppa:sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.org.list'
Extension Pack, download newest version from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
In der VM VBoxGuestAdditions installieren, danach kann man laufwerke mounten. Download from http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/ choose your release of VM .
to be able to use USB- devices, add yourself to group vboxusers, with sudo adduser $USERNAME $GROUP, groups $USERNAME will tell you in which this user is.
Chat Clients
riot
- Debian / Ubuntu repo:
- Add the repository ("artful" is codename for 17.10, use the approriate codename depending on your distribution):
sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://riot.im/packages/debian/ $(lsb_release -cs) main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/matrix-riot-im.list"
For MINT OS use the newest debian - repository at the moment it is bionic (at 2018-10-10)
- Add the public key:
curl -L https://riot.im/packages/debian/repo-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -
- Update and install Riot:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install riot-web
- Add the repository ("artful" is codename for 17.10, use the approriate codename depending on your distribution):
jabber
currently testing:
(pidgin) has no carbon copy support you can get it from here https://github.com/gkdr/carbons. BUT it did not work well for me, your own message is not send to other clients just messages from others.
not using following clients anymore for different reasons:
jitsi crashed after reawake from suspend
Version: jitsi_2.10.5550-1_amd64.deb (stand 14.2.2017)
for this I had to solve two dependencies
jitsi-archive-keyring_1.0.1_all.deb
and missing libappindicator1
Installation:
after downloading, switch to folder with downloaded files, or wget -c https://download.jitsi.org/stable/jitsi_2.10.5550-1_amd64.deb to add
sudo dpkg -i jitsi_2.10.5550-1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install (will mostly solve second dependency, if not sudo apt-get install libaapindicator1)
if first dependency occures, download it from jitsi repository.
sudo dpkg -i jitsi-archive-keyring_1.0.1_all.deb
- --gajim - jabber (XMPP) Chat client with carbon-copy support--
- getting old messages from time to time, that's really annoying
empathy has no carbon copy support
Programm Languages
java8
- Installing Java 8 on Ubuntu
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer
- Configuring Java8 Environment
- In Webupd8 ppa repository also providing a package to set environment variables, Install this package using following command.
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default
python
sudo aptitude install python-pip
nodejs
https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager/ (aktuell ist 6.3.0 ; Stand: 2016-07-13)
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo -E bash - sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
Konfiguration
System Settings
- Multiple workspaces, with the following two simple comands you can activate and configurate compiz. Arrangements of virtual desktops can be adjust with hsize (horizontal) and vsize (vertikal):
gsettings set org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ hsize 4 gsettings set org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ vsize 1
- Alternative there is gui tool: unity-tweak-tool
sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool
Listenansicht: list-view oder icon-view gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences default-folder-viewer 'list-view'
Drucker/ Printer
- download and extract to Downloads
ftp://ftp.dell.com/printer/Dell-5130cdn-Color-Laser-1.3-1.noarch.rpm
or use Dell_5130cdn.ppd
open printer-window -> New printer -> Network Printer -> find Network Printer -> enter current IP-address of printer (if it is not in same subnet as your laptop) -> press Find -> Choose IPP (xxx.xx.xxx.xx) -> press Forward -> provide PPD file -> choose your extract ppd file -> choose 2-Tray option and finish installation with a test page
Verwalten von ppa/ Management of ppa
eine kleine Geschichte zu ppa: https://ikhaya.ubuntuusers.de/2006/11/20/eine-kleine-geschichte-ueber-fremde-paketquellen/
- Short story about ppa in German.
Hinzufügen/ add
sudo add-apt-repository ''ppa:benutzer/paketname''
- Beispiel für java8: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
odersudo aptitude update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
- Installieren von software per commandline:
sudo aptitude install ProgrammName
Entfernen/ remove
sudo ppa-purge ''ppa:benutzer/paketname''
Anschauen von FremdPPAs/ checking foreign ppas
find /etc/apt -name „*\.list“ -exec grep -v „\s*#“ ‚{}‘ \; | grep -v „deb-src“ | grep -Piso „ppa.launchpad.net/[^/]+/[^/ ]+“ | sed -r ’s~^ppa.launchpad.net/~ppa:~‘
Probleme mit google PPA (depracted)
sudo sed -i -e 's/deb http/deb [arch=amd64] http/' "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list"
PPA - list
indicator-multiload/stable-daily - paket: indicator-multiload ppa:mozillateam/thunderbird-next
SSH -key
Generieren eines SSH-keys
ssh-keygen -t rsa
Ausgabe :
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/demo/.ssh/id_rsa):
Mit Enter wird eine Datei id_rsa im Verzeichnis .ssh erstellt.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Public key auf server kopieren
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@123.45.56.78 "mkdir -p ~/.ssh && cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
video converting by using ffmpeg
ffmpeg -i <input-file> -ar 44100 -ab 96 -f flv <output-file; e.g test.flv>
If you want to cut end of movie, you can use -t option: -t duration Set the recording time in seconds. “hh:mm:ss[.xxx]” syntax is also supported