Sammlung von Ubuntu Befehlen

gimicks für Ubuntu

• to see right away that you are root atm; add following line to root .bashrc export PS1='\[\e[31m\]\u@\h:\w\[\e[0m\]\$'.

Software unter Ubuntu

• thunderbird
  • Pakete: thunderbird, thunderbird-locale-de

  • Add-ons: http://sogo.nu/download.html#/frontends

    • lightning (since last few versions, it is included in thunderbird)
    • SOGo Connector
    • SOGo Integrator
• Chrome
  • create chrome.list in folder /etc/apt/source.list.d with

    • deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main

  • get key wget https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub

  • add key via sudo apt-key add linux_signing_key.pub

  • sudo apt update

  • sudo apt install google-chrome-stable

• Tomboy
• qpdf - command line tool to encrypt pdf files

  • qpdf --password="geheim" --decrypt mitpasswort.pdf ohnepasswort.pdf

• Manipulating pdfs:
  • pdfunite

    pdfunite sample1.pdf sample2.pdf sample.pdf

  • pdfseparate

    pdfseparate -f  1   -l 2   input.pdf  output_%d.pdf  pdfseparate sample.pdf sample-%d.pdf creates for each page a new pdf.

• keepass2

  • https://forum.kee.pm/t/installing-kee-instructions/23

  • Plugin-path unter Ubuntu 17.04+: /usr/lib/keepass2/Plugins

• texlive-full; als Editor TeXstudio oder vim

• apt-get indicator-multiload
• Seafile

• Jetbrains Toolbox; https://www.jetbrains.com/toolbox/app/

• IntelliJ IDEA

• gimp
• skype

  • http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2015/10/install-skype-4-3-ubuntu-15-10/

  • https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Skype/

• git

• docker; https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/

• virtualbox

  • https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

  • add ppa:sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.org.list'

  • Extension Pack, download newest version from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

  • In der VM VBoxGuestAdditions installieren, danach kann man laufwerke mounten. Download from http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/ choose your release of VM .

  • to be able to use USB- devices, add yourself to group vboxusers, with sudo adduser $USERNAME $GROUP, groups $USERNAME will tell you in which this user is.

Chat Clients

riot

• https://about.riot.im/

• Debian / Ubuntu repo:
  • Add the repository ("artful" is codename for 17.10, use the approriate codename depending on your distribution):

    sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://riot.im/packages/debian/ $(lsb_release -cs) main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/matrix-riot-im.list"

    • For MINT OS use the newest debian - repository at the moment it is bionic (at 2018-10-10)

  • Add the public key:

    curl -L https://riot.im/packages/debian/repo-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -

  • Update and install Riot:

    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install riot-web

jabber

currently testing:

• (pidgin) has no carbon copy support you can get it from here https://github.com/gkdr/carbons. BUT it did not work well for me, your own message is not send to other clients just messages from others.

not using following clients anymore for different reasons:

• jitsi crashed after reawake from suspend

  • Version: jitsi_2.10.5550-1_amd64.deb (stand 14.2.2017)

  • for this I had to solve two dependencies

    • jitsi-archive-keyring_1.0.1_all.deb

    • and missing libappindicator1

  • Installation:

    • after downloading, switch to folder with downloaded files, or wget -c https://download.jitsi.org/stable/jitsi_2.10.5550-1_amd64.deb to add 

    • sudo dpkg -i jitsi_2.10.5550-1_amd64.deb

    • sudo apt-get -f install (will mostly solve second dependency, if not sudo apt-get install libaapindicator1)

    • if first dependency occures, download it from jitsi repository.

    • sudo dpkg -i jitsi-archive-keyring_1.0.1_all.deb

• --gajim - jabber (XMPP) Chat client with carbon-copy support--
  • getting old messages from time to time, that's really annoying

• empathy has no carbon copy support

Programm Languages

java8

• Installing Java 8 on Ubuntu

   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

• Configuring Java8 Environment
  • In Webupd8 ppa repository also providing a package to set environment variables, Install this package using following command.

   sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default

python

• sudo aptitude install python-pip

nodejs

• https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager/ (aktuell ist 6.3.0 ; Stand: 2016-07-13)

  curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo -E bash -
  sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

Konfiguration

System Settings

• Multiple workspaces, with the following two simple comands you can activate and configurate compiz. Arrangements of virtual desktops can be adjust with hsize (horizontal) and vsize (vertikal):

  gsettings set org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ hsize 4
  gsettings set org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ vsize 1

• Alternative there is gui tool: unity-tweak-tool

  sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

• Listenansicht: list-view oder icon-view gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences default-folder-viewer 'list-view'

Drucker/ Printer

• download and extract to Downloads

  ftp://ftp.dell.com/printer/Dell-5130cdn-Color-Laser-1.3-1.noarch.rpm

• or use Dell_5130cdn.ppd

• open printer-window -> New printer -> Network Printer -> find Network Printer -> enter current IP-address of printer (if it is not in same subnet as your laptop) -> press Find -> Choose IPP (xxx.xx.xxx.xx) -> press Forward -> provide PPD file -> choose your extract ppd file -> choose 2-Tray option and finish installation with a test page

Verwalten von ppa/ Management of ppa

• eine kleine Geschichte zu ppa: https://ikhaya.ubuntuusers.de/2006/11/20/eine-kleine-geschichte-ueber-fremde-paketquellen/

  • Short story about ppa in German.

Hinzufügen/ add

• sudo add-apt-repository ''ppa:benutzer/paketname''

  • Beispiel für java8: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

  sudo apt-get update

  oder

  sudo aptitude update

  sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

• Installieren von software per commandline:

  sudo aptitude install ProgrammName

Entfernen/ remove

• sudo ppa-purge ''ppa:benutzer/paketname''

Anschauen von FremdPPAs/ checking foreign ppas

• find /etc/apt -name „*\.list“ -exec grep -v „\s*#“ ‚{}‘ \; | grep -v „deb-src“ | grep -Piso „ppa.launchpad.net/[^/]+/[^/ ]+“ | sed -r ’s~^ppa.launchpad.net/~ppa:~‘

Probleme mit google PPA (depracted)

• sudo sed -i -e 's/deb http/deb [arch=amd64] http/' "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list"

PPA - list

• indicator-multiload/stable-daily  - paket: indicator-multiload
  ppa:mozillateam/thunderbird-next

SSH -key

Generieren eines SSH-keys

• ssh-keygen -t rsa

Ausgabe :

• Enter file in which to save the key (/home/demo/.ssh/id_rsa):

Mit Enter wird eine Datei id_rsa im Verzeichnis .ssh erstellt.

• Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Public key auf server kopieren

• cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@123.45.56.78 "mkdir -p ~/.ssh && cat >>  ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"

video converting by using ffmpeg

ffmpeg -i <input-file> -ar 44100 -ab 96 -f flv <output-file; e.g test.flv>

If you want to cut end of movie, you can use -t option: -t duration Set the recording time in seconds. “hh:mm:ss[.xxx]” syntax is also supported